Analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of ocular infections at Regional Ophthalmic Institute in India

Background: Ocular infections are a result of alteration in the normal microbial flora of eye. They are not only responsible for increase in morbidity varying from self-limiting trivial infection to sight threatening infection but also blindness.Methods: Patients with ocular infections were recruited at Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh. Bacterial profile in ocular infections and susceptibility pattern to commonly used antibiotics were analyzed amongst these patients. The isolated organism was then identified by colony morphology, gram stain and biochemical test following which in vitro susceptibility test was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and interpreted clinically.Results: Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Streptococcus were most common etiological agents of ocular infections in the present study. It was observed that bacterial isolates were highly (in 100% of cases) susceptible to vancomycin and chloramphenicol among gram positive organisms. Gram negative organisms showed higher susceptibility to moxifloxacin, tobramycin and gentamycin. Pseudomonas was seen to have sensitivity towards ceftazidime and cefazolin.Conclusions: The present study gives an insight into use of ocular antimicrobials in northern India. These findings illustrate the need for constant bacterial surveillance before starting empirical treatment.

Plasma protein variations in hemophiliacs receiving factor replacement therapy.

OBJECTIVE: Post transfusion manifestations and its affiliated factors are vital to understand in a disease like hemophilia where multi-transfusions are given to the patients. METHODS: To investigate the implications of factor replacement therapy on plasma proteins, 52 hemophiliacs and 68 carrier females were examined for 12 plasma proteins using various electrophoretic techniques. RESULTS: Severe hemophiliacs showed raised levels ( p< 0.05) of a2 M, IgG and Albumins where values were found to be 4.78 +/- 0.865 g/l, 21.48 +/- 3.38 g/l, 66.26 +/- 11.92 g/l respectively at 95% confidence intervals however, controls and carriers showed trivial variations. CONCLUSION: Juxtaposing the dissimilarities of 12 plasma proteins in carriers, controls and hemophiliacs, it has been gleaned that factor replacement therapy do play role when seen in severe hemophiliacs with raised levels.

Genetic Analyses Of Plasma ApoCII By Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophresis In Two Population Groups Of Panjab.

In order to study genetic variability of apolipoprotein C-II in Ramgarhias and Ramdasias, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with the combination of isoelectric focusing (IEF) and density gradient SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (DG-SDS-PAGE) have been employed. ApoC-II exhibits three common polymorphic alleles CII-1, CII-2 and CII-3 with pooled frequencies of 0.883, 0.110 and 0.007 respectively. The rare allele CII-4 is absent in these two groups. Mean heterozygosity is found to be 0.208+ 0.024 at apoC-II structural locus. The frequency of apoCII-2 in Punjab is observed to be the highest in the world except Ukainers.